• 沒有找到結果。

第四章 研究結果分析

第四節 研究限制

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暖的關懷時,其能獲得良好的身心發展,且在面對問題時,知道自己能向父母尋 求協助得到支持,而有更積極的因應策略,降低負面因應行為的產生。

肆、對媒體的建議

由於青少年是傳播媒介的主要使用者,相當容易受到媒體的影響,若從正面 來看,教育輔導體制可與媒體結合設計動畫、小遊戲,以更輕鬆的方式讓青少年 瞭解自我概念的發展,或各種不同的壓力因應策略,增加青少年的學習意願;相 對而言,青少年未必能辨別媒體傳遞之價值觀的適當性,可能因而形塑出不合適 的價值觀,對青少年的身心發展產生負面影響。因此,媒體應更加謹慎的把關訊 息傳播,將各類資訊進行分級分類,以符合各年齡層的閱聽人。

另一方面,媒體使得現代人接受訊息的管道多元,成為傳遞訊息最快速、便 利的方式,教育與社會福利單位可與媒體合作,將親職教育、親子關係、壓力因 應等相關議題,透過傳播媒介進行宣導,增加資訊的普及性。

伍、對未來研究的建議

本研究中僅針對臺北市與新北市的青少年為研究對象進行調查,未擴及其他 縣市,將來研究可納入不同地區的青少年進行更全面的討論。

另外,青少年的親子關係與壓力因應策略,在不同情境脈絡下可能產生不同 的結果,它是持續變化的動態歷程,未來可一併採取質性研究典範深入瞭解;探 討青少年在面臨壓力時,選擇壓力因應策略的原因、為何比較少向父母師長尋求 協助,以及與父母相處時的正向、負向感受等。以量化問卷調查為主,並輔以質 化的深度訪談,增加資料的完整性。

第四節 研究限制

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受限於時間、人力和經費,本研究無法針對各縣市進行抽樣調查,僅以臺北 市、新北市為研究範圍,隨機抽取公立國民中學二年級的學生為研究對象;雖然 如此,但由於新北市幅員廣大,本研究仍抽取到較非都會型區域的學校,仍可以 做比較。此外,本研究以自陳式問卷調查法進行資料蒐集,雖能有效、迅速地獲 得大量資料進行統計分析,但只能盡量從量表的題項設計中呈現青少年親子關 係、自我概念與壓力因應策略的現況,倘若有更充足的時間對青少年進行深度訪 談,定能增加研究的豐富性,並對青少年面臨壓力時的因應方式有更深入的分析 與瞭解。

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附錄一:國中學生家庭與生活經驗調查問卷

填答單位 問卷編號

國中學生家庭與生活經驗調查問卷 親愛的同學,你好:

這份問卷主要目的在瞭解你與家人相處的情形、對自己的看法,以及面對 壓力所採取的態度與行為。答案沒有對或錯,作答時只需回答你個人實際的情 形,請你確實填寫每一題。這份問卷僅供學術研究之用,你填答的資料也絕對 保密,研究結束後資料將全數銷毀,請放心作答。你的意見非常寶貴,對這項 研究有很大的幫助,非常感謝你的合作。

敬祝 平安快樂

國立政治大學社會工作研究所 指導教授:謝美娥 博士 研 究 生:蔡芸佳 敬上 中華民國一○二年三月

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第一部分:基本資料

填答說明:請在下列各題中選擇和填寫與你實際情況相符的答案 一、性別:□(1)男生 □(2)女生

二、生日:民國___年___月___日

三、父母婚姻狀況:□(1)同住 □(2)分居 □(3)離婚 □(4)再婚 □(5)父母中已有人去世 □(6)其他______

四、父親教育程度:□(1)未受教育、國小畢業 □(2)國中畢業

□(3)高中(職)畢業 □(4)專科或大學畢業 □(5)研究所畢業 五、母親教育程度:□(1)未受教育、國小畢業 □(2)國中畢業

□(3)高中(職)畢業 □(4)專科或大學畢業 □(5)研究所畢業 六、父親的職業:_____(請在下面的選項中選出最適當的答案,若職業不 在表格中,請寫在「其他」的空格中)其他:_____

七、母親的職業:_____(請在下面的選項中選出最適當的答案,若職業不 在表格中,請寫在「其他」的空格中)其他:_____

選項 職業類別

0 家庭主婦、無業(待業中)

1 工人、小販、學徒、臨時工、工友、清潔工、大樓管理員、服務生 2 技工、水電工、領班、監工、商店老闆、店員、零售員、推銷員、自耕

農、司機、裁縫師、廚師、理髮師、美容師、郵差、士兵、士官等 3 技術員、出納員、一般公務員、批發商、包商、代理商、秘書、代書、

警察、消防人員、尉級軍官、護士、會計等

4 中小學校長、中小學教師、會計師、法官、律師、工程師、建築師、檢 察官、警官、校級軍官、薦任級公務員、記者、公司行號科長、縣市議 員、經理、襄理、協理、副理、作家、音樂家等

5 大專校長、大專老師、醫師、護理長、大法官、科學家、中央主管、特 任或簡任公務人員、立法委員、考試委員、將級軍官、董事長、總經理 等

〈請翻頁開始作答,謝謝〉

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非 常 同 意

同 意 普

通 不 同 意

非 常 不 同 意 21. 父母鼓勵我嘗試不同的事物··· 5 4 3 2 1 22. 父母和我會有共同的時間聊天或談心··· 5 4 3 2 1 23. 我喜歡把我心裡的話詳細的告訴父母··· 5 4 3 2 1 24. 當我表現好時,父母會稱讚我··· 5 4 3 2 1 25. 當我需要協助時,父母會給我最大的協助··· 5 4 3 2 1 26. 父母常以命令的語氣跟我說話··· 5 4 3 2 1 27. 父母會強迫我不論大小事情都必須告訴他們··· 5 4 3 2 1 28. 我會跟父母分享心情感受··· 5 4 3 2 1 29. 我會做好自己份內的事情,不讓父母操心··· 5 4 3 2 1 30. 父母和我經常一起從事休閒活動··· 5 4 3 2 1 31. 對父母表達感謝是很困難的事情··· 5 4 3 2 1 32. 除了口語表達之外,我會用小卡片、email 等不

同方式來表達想法 ··· 5 4 3 2 1

〈再接再厲,加油〉

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總 是 如 此

時 常 如 此

偶 爾 如 此

很 少 如 此