日本殖民體制下星製藥會社的政商關係
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(2) National Taiwan Normal University Graduate Institute of Political Science. Dissertation: Relationship Between Government and Merchants during Japanese Colonial System: Hoshi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.’s. Case Study. Advisor：Hsu Chieh-Lin, Ph.D.. Doctoral candidate： Liu, Be-Rung. June 2009 Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
(3) 謝誌 終於畢業了，雖然在知命之年才勉力完成博士學位，但在「活到老、學到 老」的終身學習理念下，讓我總能以甘之如飴的心境，完成每一階段的學業。 回顧一路走來的求學歷程，我並非直升機式的前進，打從大學開始，就以 半工半讀的方式完成學業，經歷十年國小教師生涯，再拿著日本交流協會的獎 學金到日本，開啟了我研究之路。在日本過著正規的留學生活，但父親竟罹患 癌症，未等我學成歸國，就離我而去。沒想到當我進入博士班研究期間，慈愛 的母親中風病倒了，我再度告訴自己，趕快畢業，趕快將這份榮耀讓一路陪伴 我的母親分享，於是我論文寫作的腳步變快了。 本論文得以順利的完成，首先要感謝指導教授許介鱗博士的觀念啟迪，在 他的宏觀視野、敏銳思維以及豐富學養的引導下，我省去許多摸索的過程，也 讓我的研究得到真實的成長，謹致由衷的感激。在撰寫論文期間，一路給予指 教的還有劉阿榮教授，他總在我遭遇瓶頸時，適時提供寶貴意見。另外，論文 口試時，口試委員陳鵬仁教授、賴澤涵教授、蕭全政教授及黃城教授的專業指 導與指正建議，使本論文免於疏漏與謬誤，助益匪淺。 在博士班修業的五年期間，雖然工作繁重，但得到長官的寬容與鼓勵，同 事明容、千惠、淑玲的協助與支持，以及同學高純淑博士協助論文的整理校正， 助益良多，曷勝銘感。我更要感謝的還有日本交流協會給我一個月的獎學金， 讓我有機會到日本找尋資料，同時任職於青山學院大學的學藝大學長飯島涉教 授的協助安排，以及星藥科大學三澤美和教授的資料提供，都是論文得以完成 的助力者。 另外，與我同住的母親、碧君妹妹一家人的支持和鼓勵，一直是陪伴我走 過這段艱辛歷程的精神支柱。我也要將這份榮耀給獻給正在求學的曉中、大庸， 阿姨能做到的，相信只要你們立定目標，一定也能達成目的。說真的這一路走 來，感謝的人太多了，願永誌此心，以更多的回報，。. 劉碧蓉. 謹識. 2009 年 6 月.
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(5) 摘要. 日本殖民體制下星製藥會社的政商關係 摘要. 政商關係為政治學的一個熱烈討論的課題。自古以來，人類政治行為與經濟 活動息息相關，前者對後者具有強制性的需求與配合；而後者提供前者堅實的物 質基礎及生活資料。這種政治行為與經濟活動的互動過程，稱為「政商關係」。. 本論文主要以歷史研究理論、殖民理論與政治經濟學研究理論，作為研究途 徑。以政治與經濟的整合，來分析探討早熟殖民帝國引入殖民體系其下的政府與 企業之互動關係，對日本殖民帝國發展的影響。代表殖民帝國政府的後藤新平與 民間企業的星一，都是推動日本殖民帝國發展的行為者，為其自身的存在與發 展，以兩人互動的政商關係為基礎，所進行的政治與經濟行為，以獲取更多的利 益與資源，使其達到資源的極大化與極佳化。. 本研究再依文獻分析法、個案分析法及比較研究法等規範性的方法，從星藥 科大學、日本國會圖書館、台灣大學圖書館等處所藏的星一及星製藥會社史料， 期望從星製藥株式會社的發展與變遷中，探討星一如何透過與日本政府及臺灣總 督府的關係，並運用製藥會社的營運組織與人脈網絡，進行鴉片製造營運與規那 造林事業，以生產麻藥、奎寧等生物鹼之化學藥品商品化。最後從中瞭解其製藥 企業的崛起，與日本政府間之政商關係運用，及其在近代日本對外擴張中所扮演 的角色。. 關鍵字：星一、星製藥株式會社、規那、鴉片事件、政治經濟學、政商關係. i.
(6) 日本殖民體制下星製藥會社的政商關係. ii.
(7) 摘要. Relationship Between Government and Merchants during Japanese Colonial System: Hoshi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.’s. Case Study. Abstract: The relationship between government and merchants is a hot-studied topic in political science. From ancient till now, political behavior of human and economic action is closely related, the former is dominant need and cooperate, and the latter is substantial material foundation. The interrelationship between political behavior and economic action is called “relationship between government and merchants”. Historical theories, colonial theories and political economy theories are main approaches used in this study. The integration between politics and economics will be used to study how the precocity colonial empire introduced interrelations between government and enterprises under colonial system, and its influence. Goto Shimpei（後藤新平）as imperial government representer, Hoshi Hajimei（星一）as civil entrepreneur, are both actors pushing Japanese colonial imperial system forward. They are self-benefited, based on their interrelation; their political and economical actions were maximizing their resources. Hoshi hajimei and Hoshi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd’s archive located in Hoshi University, Japanese congress library, National Taiwan University will be used analyzed by normative means such as literature analytic method, case studies method and comparative studies method. Such development and transformation of corporation can be observed how. its. owner. used. relationship. between. government. and. governor-general, operation organization and interpersonal context of corporation can be help in productions and operations of opium,. iii.
(8) 日本殖民體制下星製藥會社的政商關係. forestation of Cinchonalederiana, and commercialization of such chemicals. Finally, it will discuss the rise of a pharmaceutical corporation, relationship between Japanese government and merchants, and its role on modern Japan’s external expansion.. Keywords: Office of the Governor-General of Taiwan during Japanese rule, Hoshi Hajimei, Hoshi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Cinchonalederiana, relationship between government and merchants, political economy. iv.
(9) 目次. 日本殖民體制下星製藥會社的政商關係. 第一章. 導論 ··································································································································· 1. 第一節. 研究動機與目的······································································································· 1 壹、研究動機 ················································································································ 1 貳、研究目的 ················································································································ 3. 第二節. 歷史文獻之回顧······································································································· 5 壹、臺灣殖民統治與本質議題··············································································· 5 貳、有關鴉片議題······································································································· 7 參、規那造林及瘧疾治療問題··············································································· 8 肆、星一及星製藥會社的研究··············································································· 9 伍、星一之相關人脈網絡研究············································································· 10. 第三節. 研究架構與研究方法 ··························································································· 13. 壹、研究架構 ··············································································································· 13 貳、研究方法 ··············································································································· 14 參、研究範圍與限制 ·································································································· 14 第二章. 名詞解釋與理論探討································································································ 17. 第一節. 名詞概念與定義·····················································································17. 壹、星製藥株式會社 ················································································17 貳、殖民體制·····························································································19 第二節. 殖民理論·································································································21. 壹、殖民主義的發展 ················································································21 貳、日本的殖民主義 ················································································24 參、日本對臺的殖民政策 ········································································25 第三節. 政商關係理論·····························································································29 壹、政治經濟學·····························································································30. v.
(10) 日本殖民體制下星製藥會社的政商關係. 貳、政商關係·································································································32 第三章. 星製藥會社的成立與發展 ········································································35. 第一節. 星製藥事業的成立背景 ········································································35 壹、星一的成長歷程 ················································································35 貳、星一在美時期的人脈網絡 ································································37 參、星一創業的時代背景 ········································································40 肆、小結·····································································································45. 第二節. 星製藥王國的發展 ················································································47. 壹、星製藥株式會社成立 ········································································47 貳、開戰後星製藥的發展 ········································································49 參、 「東洋化學王」美譽 ········································································58 肆、小結·····································································································62 第三節. 星製藥會社的經營組織 ········································································63 壹、會社組織·····························································································63 貳、行銷網絡·····························································································67 參、企業教育·····························································································75 肆、小結·····································································································78. 第四章. 以鴉片為中心的經營網絡 ········································································81. 第一節. 配合後藤的鴉片漸禁政策 ····································································81 壹、後藤新平的鴉片謀略 ········································································81 貳、後藤新平的部署 ················································································84 參、星一在臺的藥業經營 ········································································89 肆、小結·····································································································93. 第二節. 後藤庇護下星製藥的鴉片營運 ····························································95. 壹、星一的生物鹼製造 ············································································95 貳、製藥事業之爭·····················································································99. vi.
(11) 目次. 參、後藤新平派之爭 ·············································································· 104 肆、小結··································································································· 107 第三節. 鴉片專賣爭奪下的鴉片事件 ······························································ 109 壹、鴉片事件··························································································· 109 貳、星製藥的困境··················································································· 115 參、星製藥的更生躍進 ·········································································· 115 肆、小結··································································································· 117. 第五章. 規那造林的經營網絡 ·············································································· 119. 第一節. 瘧疾的研究與對策 ·············································································· 119. 壹、瘧疾的發生······················································································· 119 貳、瘧疾的對策······················································································· 122 參、英國、荷蘭對規那樹的移植 ·························································· 123 肆、小結··································································································· 125 第二節. 星製藥在臺規那造林 ·········································································· 127 壹、總督府在臺的移植試驗 ·································································· 127 貳、星製藥的奎寧研發與栽培 ······························································ 131 參、星一在臺移植規那苗木 ·································································· 134 肆、小結··································································································· 136. 第三節. 在臺規那造林利益爭奪戰 ·································································· 137 壹、星一在臺規那造林 ·········································································· 137. 貳、星規那在臺事業的擴張 ······································································ 139 參、星製藥的利益爭奪 ·············································································· 145 肆、小結······································································································· 147 第六章. 星一的政商人脈························································································ 149. 第一節. 星ㄧ在日本政商網絡圖像 ·································································· 149 壹、後藤新平人脈的形成 ······································································ 149. vii.
(12) 日本殖民體制下星製藥會社的政商關係. 貳、商界、學界及媒體界之人脈 ·························································· 153 參、國家主義者人脈之形成 ·································································· 155 肆、小結··································································································· 159 第二節. 星一在國際政商網絡圖像 ·································································· 161 壹、科學的進步······················································································· 161 貳、星一與美國製藥系統 ······································································ 162 參、星一與德國製藥系統 ······································································ 165 肆、小結··································································································· 171. 第三節. 星ㄧ成功與衰敗因素 ·········································································· 173 壹、星一的歷史定位 ·············································································· 173 貳、星製藥成功因素 ·············································································· 175 參、星製藥衰敗因素 ·············································································· 179 肆、小結··································································································· 180. 第七章. 結論··········································································································· 181. 第一節. 研究發現······························································································· 181. 第二節. 研究建議······························································································· 187. 參考文獻 附錄. viii.
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Department of Mathematics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan..
Department of Mathematics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan..
Department of Mathematics, National Taiwan Normal University,
2 Center for Theoretical Sciences and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan!. ⇤ Author to whom correspondence should
2 Center for Theoretical Sciences and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan..
2 Center for Theoretical Sciences and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan..
Department of Mathematics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan..
2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.. 3 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua
