第五章 最有利標之標價評審模式及其實證應用
6.3 未來後續研究方向
廣義多評準則最有利標選商決策系統包括準則項目的選擇、層級架構分析、準 則項目權重計算、廠商評估及最終廠商名次排序等之建立，雖然本研究運用改良式 AHP 方法(A3)達到準則項目層級架構分析及準則項目權重計算之目標，並且提出創 新的標價項目評審模式，但就整體最有利標選商決策而言，本研究未來後續研究方 向仍包括下列各項：
一、提出一套整合型之選商決策系統
由於一套完善的選商決策系統應該因應不同專案工程特性的需求(包括業主需 求及工程專業屬性等)而有不同的決策考量，故完整或完善的選商決策系統除了核心 的決策模型外，更應該建置方便業主(或決策者)使用之自動化選商決策系統(例如資 料庫的建置、準則項目的選擇、決策方法的選擇、廠商評估等)，而本研究未來後續 的研究方向即是如何將這些關鍵性的課題透過電腦化方式整合成一套適用各類型專 案工程之最有利標選商決策系統，其主要研究課題包括：
1. 提出整合型之選商決策模型
將目前本研究視為兩個不同的決策模型(準則項目權重計算方式及標價評審 模式)，結合成為一個全面且完整性之選商決策模型，該模型包括準則項目的選 擇、準則項目權重計算、廠商各準則項目之評估及選商資訊回饋等，並透過運用 之決策支援系統，將選商決策系統化，以增加整體選商之效益。
2. 其他技術性項目之評估
在廠商之評估方面，除了標價評審外，其他準則項目可採用其他評估方法，
例如運用成效式(Performance-based model)評估法來進行評估，即訂定準則項目及 次準則項目之廠商未來預期履約成效的標的，並依據每個專案的特性需求訂定未 來履約的成效指標，經由廠商投標後，透過成效指標之評準來評估投標廠商在技 術項目之預期成效。
3. 發展一套多功能之選商決策系統
配合前述各點，將蒐集目前國內工程專案類別(例如建築工程、道路工程、
河川整治工程…等)之選商特性，建置工程需求特性因子資料庫，建立網頁式 (Web-based)決策支援系統及資訊回饋機制，發展一套適用不同工程類型之多功能 選商決策系統。
二、更精進準則項目權重之計算
本研究所提出之A3方法雖然改善傳統 AHP 方法之缺點，但未來仍有下列各點 須繼續探討，以更精進準則項目權重之計算。
1. 發展網頁式(Web-based)之決策判斷系統
本研究所提出之 A3方法主要是以傳統 AHP 方法於初始階段訪調之 PWM 為基礎，因此初始訪調所需花費的人時成本及時程仍無法節省，故發展網頁式 (Web-based)之自動化系統來加速 A3方法在決策資料的蒐集，使能更精減初始資 料蒐集之人時及時程的花費。
2. 多元之群體決策
無論是公共工程或私人公司之工程，採用多評準群體選商決策方法已是必 然的方式，但要如何整合多決策者之群體決策結果，真正達到選商之目的，是 值得後續探討的重點，特別是將多元之群體決策方法應用在傳統 AHP、本研究 之A3，或其他被提出之新的選商決策模型。
3. 更多案例之驗證
模擬更多的案例來證明本研究模式在選商決策上之效益，特別是評估如何 有效選出業主所需要之優良廠商，同時再針對本研究目前所列之 3 種權重計算 方法以模擬的案例進行敏感度分析，以測試模式提出不同方法可能存在不同之 最有利標選商決策條件或潛在之決策知識(decision knowedge)。
三、更精進廠商之標價評審
本研究雖然將詳細表階層之分項工程價格納入廠商標價評審，並以價格分數轉 換方式提出一套最有利標標價評審(或評估)方法，但未來仍有下列各點須繼續探討，
以更精進廠商於審標階段之標價評審。
1. 再將資源分配或運用納入評審
本研究所提出之標價評審模式並未就投標廠商之施工法、材料設備選用及 成本控制方法等更深入探討，而這些廠商資源上之調配與運用亦會反映在分項 工程之單價中，因此為進一步瞭解標價組成之完整性及合理性，如何運用電子 標單將廠商之單價分析表階層（或資源統計量）一併納入最有利標標價評審項 目之一，亦是未來後續研究之重要課題。
2. 價格轉換分數上下限門檻值變異數之探討
本研究在分項工程價格分數轉換部分，無論是梯形或三角形模，各分項工 程價格在訂定轉換分數之上下限門檻值條件時，均假設採用相同之條件(即暫不 考量每一個分項屬性工程之特性或價格之差異性)，但實務上不同的屬性工程，
在價格評估的風險、管理成本及可能的利潤分配等都會有不同的考量，這些考 量條件應適當地反映在價格轉換成分數的條件上，故每一分項工程之價格應考 量其特殊性給予不同的變異條件，而如何決定這些分項工程之價格變異數，仍 是本研究未來後續探討的課題。
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